Synonyms for Developmental Phonological Disorders

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Synonyms
FOR DEVELOPMENTAL
PHONOLOGICAL DISORDERS
Copyright © 1998 Caroline Bowen

Probably the best known synonym for developmental phonological disorders (Bowen, 1998) is 'phonological disability' found in the early work of Ingram (1976), and Grunwell (1981a, b). They are also called phonological impairments.

As well, in the literature they are referred to as: phonomotor disability (Folkins & Bleile, 1990), syntactic phonological syndrome (Howell & Dean, 1991), phonological disorder (Dean, Howell, Hill & Waters, 1990; Fey, 1992; Kamhi, 1992; Stackhouse, 1993), and expressive phonological impairment (Bird, Bishop & Freeman, 1995).

Dodd (1995) distinguished three distinct types of phonological disorder (excluding articulation disorders): delayed phonological acquisition, inconsistent deviant disorder, and consistent deviant disorder. Grunwell and Russell (1990) also posited at least three types, related to (1) form: the inventory and contrastive system, (2) function: the variability in the realisation of adult contrasts, and (3) phonotactics (the latter type discussed in detail in Grunwell & Yavas, 1988).

There are references in the recent literature to developmental phonological disorders as other adjective-adjective-noun labels, including permutations of the following, with or without the word "learning", for instance, developmental phonological learning disorder (Gibbon & Grunwell, 1990):

functional	articulation	disorder
non-organic	phonologic(al)	disability (ies)
developmental	intelligibility	impairment(s)
child(hood)	phonetic	delay(s)
paediatric	speech	deviations

Misleading names!
Despite the fact that they are mentioned a lot "phonological processing disorder", "phonological process disorder" and "phonological processes disorder" are not synonyms for developmental phonological disorder. They are inaccurate and misleading terms and not proper Speech-Language Pathology diagnostic categories. Somehow they have crept into the vernacular - particularly in listservs, chat and newsgroups. As an SLP and Clinical Phonologist - I wish they would creep out again!

References
Bird, J., Bishop, D.V.M., & Freeman, N.H. (1995). Phonological awareness and literacy development in children with expressive phonological impairments. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 38, 446-462.

Bowen, C. (1998). Developmental phonological disorders: A practical guide for families and teachers. Melbourne: The Australian Council for Educational Research Ltd.

Dean, E., Howell, J., Hill, A., & Waters, D. (1990). Metaphon Resource Pack. Windsor, Berks: NFER Nelson.

Dodd, B. (1995). Differential diagnosis and treatment of children with speech disorder. London: Whurr Publishers.

Fey, M.E. (1992). Clinical forum: Phonological assessment and treatment. Articulation and phonology: An introduction. Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools, 23, 224.

Folkins, J., & Beale. K. (1990). Taxonomies in biology, phonetics, phonology and speech motor control. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 55, 596-612.

Gibbon, F., & Grunwell, P. (1990). Specific developmental language learning disabilities. In P. Grunwell (Ed.). Developmental speech disorders. Edinburgh, Churchill Livingstone.

Grunwell, P. (1981a). The nature of phonological disability in children. New York: Academic Press.

Grunwell, P. (1981b). The development of phonology: A descriptive profile. First Language, iii, 161-191.

Grunwell, P., & Russell, J. (1990). A phonological disorder in an English-speaking child: A case study. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 4, 29-38.

Grunwell, P., & Yavas, M. (1988). Phonotactic restrictions in disordered child phonology: A case study. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics 2, 1-16.

Howell, J., & Dean, E. (1991). Treating phonological disorders in children: Metaphon - theory to practice. San Diego: Singular Publishing Group, Inc.

Ingram, D. (1976). Phonological disability in children. London: Edward Arnold.

Kamhi, A.G. (1992). Clinical forum: Phonological assessment and treatment. The need for a broad-based model of phonological disorders. Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools, 23, 261-268.

Stackhouse, J. (1993). Phonological disorder and lexical development: Two case studies. Child Language Teaching and Therapy, 9, 2, 230-241.

Page updated 13 May 2009

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